Charlemagne, once elevated to Holy Roman Emperor, aggressively spread Gregorian chant throughout his empire to consolidate religious and secular power, requiring the clergy to use the new repertory on pain of death. The other plainchant repertories of the Christian West faced severe competition from the new Gregorian chant. Charlemagne continued his father's policy of favoring the Roman Rite over the local Gallican traditions. By the 9th century the Gallican rite and chant had effectively been eliminated, although not without local resistance.
The Gregorian chant of the Sarum Rite displaced Celtic chant. Gregorian coexisted with Beneventan chant for over a century before Beneventan chant was abolished by papal decree Mozarabic chant survived the influx of the Visigoths and Moors, but not the Roman-backed prelates newly installed in Spain during the Reconquista. Restricted to a handful of dedicated chapels, modern Mozarabic chant is highly Gregorianized and bears no musical resemblance to its original form.
Ambrosian chant alone survived to the present day, preserved in Milan due to the musical reputation and ecclesiastical authority of St. Gregorian chant eventually replaced the local chant tradition of Rome itself, which is now known as Old Roman chant. In the 10th century, virtually no musical manuscripts were being notated in Italy. Reinforced by the legend of Pope Gregory, Gregorian chant was taken to be the authentic, original chant of Rome, a misconception that continues to this day.
By the 12th and 13th centuries, Gregorian chant had supplanted or marginalized all the other Western plainchant traditions. The renewed interest in early music in the late 19th century left its mark on 20th-century music. Gregorian chant has been incorporated into other genres, such as Enigma's "Sadeness Part I ", the chant interpretation of pop and rock by the German band Gregorian, the techno project E Nomine, and the work of black metal band Deathspell Omega.
The modal melodies of chant provide unusual sounds to ears attuned to modern scales. Gregorian chant as plainchant experienced a popular resurgence during the New Age music and world music movements of the s and '90s. The iconic album was Chant, recorded by the Benedictine monks of Santo Domingo de Silos, which was marketed as music to inspire timeless calm and serenity.
It became conventional wisdom that listening to Gregorian chant increased the production of beta waves in the brain, reinforcing the popular reputation of Gregorian chant as tranquilizing music. Gregorian chant has often been parodied for its supposed monotony, both before and after the release of Chant.
Gregorian chanting has been also used in Vision of Escaflowne anime series. On the original Halo: Combat Evolved the theme was sung by the two composers and three other singers from the liner notes of the Halo Original Soundtrack. In later installments the theme was performed by a sixteen piece choir Halo 2 and a 24 piece choir Halo 3. The emergence of polyphony — which distorted the phrasing, melody and especially rhythm of Gregorian chant — at the end of the mediaeval period, marked the beginning of its gradual decline.
After being discarded by the Renaissance and Protestantism, many attempts were made to restore Gregorian chant according to the rules of modern music from the early 17 th century onwards. This disfigured, distorted version of the chant lost its purity and power of expression and so ceased to interpret and inspire the Church's prayer as it once had. The aim of his research and restoration was to publish liturgical books.
This major work, which the Church has officially requested Solesmes to undertake since Pope Leo XIII, was accomplished slowly but surely in the musical palaeography workshop at Solesmes. Skip to main content. Search form Search. In the Mass these two are wondrously combined into the rational sacrifice consisting of the perfect offering of Jesus Christ on the altar, who unites our prayers and praises to His and makes them worthy of the Ever-Blessed Trinity.
Chant developed prodigiously in the first Christian millennium. By the time we reach Pope St. Gregory the Great, who reigned from —, a body of chant already existed for the Sacrifice of the Mass and the daily round of prayer Divine Office. Even as he gave final form to the Roman Canon, which is the defining trait of the Latin rite, St.
Gregory organized this musical repertoire, as a result of which the chant ever afterwards has been honored with his name: "Gregorian. Over time, not just the psalms and their antiphons were cantillated, but also the Scripture readings, orations, intercessions, litanies, instructions e.
The core of the Gregorian chant repertoire dates to before the year ; the bulk of it was completed by the year Since chant was the music, custom-made, that had grown up with the Church's liturgy, wherever the latter traveled, the former traveled with it. No one dreamed of separating the texts of the liturgy from their music; they were like a body-soul composite, or a happily married couple.
Or one could compare the chant to the vestments worn by a liturgical minister. Once this ceremonial apparel had developed, no one in his right mind would get rid of the chasuble, stole, alb, amice, and maniple. These are the garments that the ministers of the king are privileged to wear! So too, the chants are the garments worn by the liturgical texts.
The Council of Trent — reaffirmed the place of chant in the liturgy and discouraged the use of excessively complex polyphonic music, especially when it was based on secular tunes.
Nevertheless, over time the old chant melodies became abbreviated or corrupted, as they were forced to conform to a regular beat like the metered music of the day.
By the beginning of the 19th century, chant was in a state of serious disrepair and neglect.
0コメント